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Cray74
QUOTE (Birdy)
That's why it is a nice movie. I simply hate!!! the original novel

Hmm. I was okay with the movie, saw it twice at the theaters before wondering why I did that. I don't think I rented the movie, and only watched it on cable if nothing else was on.

But I loved the book. I've read it literally about two dozen times, and shared it with my friends, who have opinions ranging from "like it" to "love it" to "love it so much I shared it with my mother." I don't think Heinlein's proposed government system in Starship Troopers would work perfectly, but I still find the novel very enjoyable.
DrJest
Mm, I liked Roughneck Chronicles... Managed to get 1, 3 and 4 out of bargain bins, buggered if I can get the rest, although I saw 2 (which bizarrely enough seems to be chronologically after 4). I know the series ran for way longer than that, though. It was a good example of using CGI to make a cartoon, and I enjoyed it muchly. Also had some cracking banter among the characters smile.gif

"I wanted to blow something up!"
"Been there."
"Done that."
"Big time."

"Hey, no guts no glory"
"No brains."
"No kidding."
Runner Smurf
QUOTE
QUOTE (Runner Smurf)
Thor Shots first appeared - if I am not mistaken - in FASA's Renegade Legion series of minitaures games.

Orbital bombardment weapons referred to as "Thor" were used in the 1985 Niven/Pournelle novel Footfall, which was inspired by (I think) SDI. Renegade Legion post-dated both of those.


You are quite correct - my bad. I was just trying to show where it first showed up in the FASA scheme of things.

QUOTE
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2.  Guidance.  At impact from LEo, you are going to be going around 2 km/sec.


You think it'll lose 6km/s going from LEO (7.8km/s) to the ground?


Dang...I knew I was forgetting something. It will have to lose quite a bit of that in order to de-orbit in a reasonable time frame, but certainly not all of it. Probably around as much as you gain from PE to KE. So, more like 8 km/second. Darn it. Of course, the less energy you lose deorbiting, the longer your flight time.

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In combination, the expense of adding a guidance system and flight time means that thor shots are not practical against moving targets, but awfully effective against fixed implacements (and maybe naval vessels).


I'll disagree there. Guidance for hypervelocity projectiles exists now in the 1-2km/s range. For example, the new Starstreak missile travels at about 1.2km/s and delivers 3 guided penetrators to a target. The LOSAT missile is another guided hypervelocity missile moving at about 1.5km/s.


As I said earlier, it's possible, but is going to be technically extremely difficult. Adding enough guidance to make sure you hit a static target is assumed as par for the course, but a guidance system that can hit a moving target is going to be really expensive. Aiming at a tank (for example) that could be moving at 100 km/h makes terminal guidance a problem. To deflect the projectile by a few hundred meters over the course of 10 seconds is going to take some serious maneuvering capabilities. Again, technically quite possible, the real question is of usefulness. You can make a thor rod (or cluster) that you can use against moving targets, but do you really want to bother? Sure, spending 100 million to take out an ICBM makes sense, but to take out an armored car?

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An educated guess: On contact with anything more substantial than air, the rod shatters into numerous high-velocity shards with some plasma thrown into the mix.


I don't think it'll shatter. At impact velocities of 5km/s and higher, the impactor is moving faster than the speed of sound in most solid materials. Cracks won't have time to propagate through the penetrator before the impact is complete.

Dang it. Correct again. I plead not being an engineer.

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Laser interceptors simply wouldn't be able to put enough energy into the rod to atomize it fast enough.


They could, however, deflect it by ablation and/or kill its guidance.

Another argument for why guidance is not such a good idea. I would state that you have to hit it early in the descent phase to deflect it significantly, which is when the rod is hardest to find, or hit it with one hell of a laser during the later part of the descent.

A Thor shot could be made into a truly killer weapon, that can home in moving vehicles and utterly erase them. However, lofting the weapon into orbit is incredibly expensive (tens if not hundreds of millions of dollars/nuyen). Even if you can engineer a good enough guidance package to target moving vehicles, it's simply not worth the expense. Never mind the tactical difficulties of a weapon that on a good day will take a few minutes to arrive on target.

On the other hand, Thors are great strategic weapons. Flight time doesn't really matter if your target is a building. It's also effective against undergound and hardened targets. In sum, it's as good as an ICBM, but without the messy radiation problems, and has a much smaller impact footprint to boot. Perfect for taking out facilities in populated areas without causing excessive collateral damage. And with some effort, you could make a semi-guided weapon that could be fired in clusters to take out naval vessels, which is also a good thing.

Anyway, those are just some of my thoughts. Dang it Cray, I'm going to have to wake up earlier in the morning if I'm going to out out-nerd you.

- Runner Smurf
BitBasher
honestly Thor Shots are only really needed for higher impact non mobile targets like firebases, buildings, ect. For smaller more mobile targets just use an orbital IR laser or some such, I mean they dont need the kind fo damage delivered to them to destroy them like a hardened building, that's overkill anyway.
Cray74
QUOTE (Runner Smurf)
A Thor shot could be made into a truly killer weapon, that can home in moving vehicles and utterly erase them.  However, lofting the weapon into orbit is incredibly expensive (tens if not hundreds of millions of dollars/nuyen).

Depends on production quantities, launch capabilities, and where you're deploying the Thors from.

*According to the rocket scientist IMG (masters of 'space systems engineering'), spacecraft costs tend to be 2-10x the estimated cost for the first spacecraft, roughly on target for the second copy, then drop rapidly in price, to as low as 1/10th the estimated cost (particularly when built within the space of a year). Mass production does good things to spacecraft purchase prices.

*Further, launch costs from Earth can be dropped radically with reusable, rapid turn-around, single stage-to-orbit vehicles, to under $100 a pound by some optimistic estimates (vs ~$10,000/lb for the US shuttle). Launch vehicle operating costs are also helped (greatly) by higher frequency of launches (fuel costs are a minimal factor in launches - it's facilities and labor that get you). Frequently launched SSTOs get to defray all those costs over more launches. A ground crew of 50 (or 10,000, like the shuttle) are going to get paid the same in a year whether you launch 3-4 times (like the shuttle) or 50 times. Notably, Shadowrun does feature relatively cheap launch systems, like semi-ballistics and suborbitals.

*Shadowrun is playing around with lunar mining facilities (Ares and SK). Getting Thor bombardment platforms from a lunar factory to Earth orbit is much easier than getting them from the Earth to Earth orbit. You could meet things halfway and supply most of the mass of Thors (the tungsten rods) from the moon, while the lighter guidance and motors come from Earth. This leaves the fancy, expensive factories on Earth, while relatively simple facilities can be installed on the moon.

If launch costs get low enough (and they might be in Shadowrun), and if you build Thor bombardment platforms in sufficient quantity (a constellation of 24-96 platforms), costs per Thor shot might be comparable to a fancy cruise missile, especially if the Thor platforms can be re-loaded and re-used.

QUOTE
Dang it Cray, I'm going to have to wake up earlier in the morning if I'm going to out out-nerd you.


Find another way to out-nerd me. wink.gif I get up at 4:20am so I can use an exercise machine without annoying the neighbors. (When they're awake, they move into rooms below my exercise machine and complain mightily about the noise. I've found it helps to turn on my air conditioner, which is right outside their bedroom window. They can't hear me exercising because the AC is blaring and, gee, they can't complain about the AC. There's a whole farm of ACs right outside their window.)
BitBasher
QUOTE
*Shadowrun is playing around with lunar mining facilities (Ares and SK). Getting Thor bombardment platforms from a lunar factory to Earth orbit is much easier than getting them from the Earth to Earth orbit. You could meet things halfway and supply most of the mass of Thors (the tungsten rods) from the moon, while the lighter guidance and motors come from Earth. This leaves the fancy, expensive factories on Earth, while relatively simple facilities can be installed on the moon.
And to boot, there's in canon a space station at the lunar/terran lagrange point that would be nifty for that. I believe it's ares too.
Nikoli
Is everyone forgetting about the modern weapon platform we have in the US military now? It is mounted on an aircraft carrier and launches guided tungsten rods hundreds of miles to target, they pass through the ionosphere on the way. It's not in use yet, but there is a project to build it
(Popular Mechanics issue earlier this year)
All the blast benefits of a Space based thor shot, with more maneuverability and a lower production cost.
BitBasher
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Is everyone forgetting about the modern weapon platform we have in the US military now?....
QUOTE
It's not in use yet, but there is a project to build it
Pretty bug contradiction there! is it a modern weapon in use now, or are we still researching it?

QUOTE
It is mounted on an aircraft carrier and launches guided tungsten rods hundreds of miles to target, they pass through the ionosphere on the way.
(Popular Mechanics issue earlier this year)
All the blast benefits of a Space based thor shot, with more maneuverability and a lower production cost.
Actuall it has MANY disadvantages to it compared to an orbital drop. You aren't going to get close to the same velocity, it has to travel much farther through low level atmosphere adding much drag bleeding away even more potential energy, and it's going to take a lot more power at the time of launch. And, I'll say again, it's going to be a LOT lower velocity.
Req
Shadowrun *does* posit relatively cheap single-stage-to-orbit (IIRC the suborbitals can actually make LEO, they just choose not to for passenger purposes)...
Birdy
QUOTE (Req)
Shadowrun *does* posit relatively cheap single-stage-to-orbit (IIRC the suborbitals can actually make LEO, they just choose not to for passenger purposes)...

Read "Sky Masters" from Dale Brown or look up Pegasus and ASAT on Google. Basically Missiles using a plane (A DC-10 in the book, a B52 and an F15 in real life) as a first stage. Now use a sub-orbital with 200+ passengers (> 20to payload) and just go up to 100km (Doable, X15 did it as did Spaceship One) and release the missile.

With a rather small booster you can get a sizeable satellite in a Low Earth Orbit. Granted, it will come down after a few weeks/month but it makes a great "In time of crisis" THOR carrier.


Birdy
Cray74
QUOTE (Birdy)
Read "Sky Masters" from Dale Brown or look up Pegasus and ASAT on Google. Basically Missiles using a plane (A DC-10 in the book, a B52 and an F15 in real life) as a first stage. Now use a sub-orbital with 200+ passengers (> 20to payload) and just go up to 100km (Doable, X15 did it as did Spaceship One) and release the missile.

With a rather small booster you can get a sizeable satellite in a Low Earth Orbit. Granted, it will come down after a few weeks/month but it makes a great "In time of crisis" THOR carrier.


There's not a lot of difference in delta-V between a long-lived low altitude orbit and a short-lived low altitude orbit. If you're using suborbitals to launch satellites, you probably have the sophistication to add the extra 100-200m/s and circularization burn that will give you a very long-lived satellite.
Shockwave_IIc
[Edit] Ignore all this i was thinking meters per turn not second. my bad. embarrassed.gif
Jason Farlander
(1600km/1h)*(1h/3600s)*(1000m/1km)= 444.44m/s

Shorter version: m/s = kph/3.6
Ol' Scratch
QUOTE
Erm not wanting to get to involved in it considering how well you speak on the topic but shouldn't it be closer to 1333m/s??

I'm not a math whiz, but I'm pretty sure that 1600 kilometers per hour is just under 450 meters per second.
Cray74
Ooo! Math! But I don't know what or who the original deleted question referred to, so I can't answer. frown.gif
Shockwave_IIc
You was right so don't worry about it.

Req
QUOTE (Birdy)
Read "Sky Masters" from Dale Brown or look up Pegasus and ASAT on Google. Basically Missiles using a plane (A DC-10 in the book, a B52 and an F15 in real life) as a first stage. Now use a sub-orbital with 200+ passengers (> 20to payload) and just go up to 100km (Doable, X15 did it as did Spaceship One) and release the missile.

Dale Brown? No thanks, I went through my "slightly informed but mostly masturbatory military porn novels" phase back in High School. Thanks, though.

Fraggin' Flight of the Old Dog...
Toptomcat
What the hell is 'slightly masterbatory military porn?'
Do I even want to know?
Conskill
QUOTE
What the hell is 'slightly masterbatory military porn?'


Novels that blatently promote / glamorize the military, warfare, and our capacity to kill people and destroy things.

Kind of like Shadowrun, but without the magic.
Kagetenshi
"OMFG we kill things good 'cause we the US mILITARY!1!", basically. Shadowrun tends to be more subtle and less one-sided about it all.

~J
Runner Smurf
Cray, I'm not about to get into a discussion of the future of launch vehicle costs, and especially not with someone who knows what he is talking about it.


I will, however, toss my hat into the ring with a few other issues:

1. Tungsten hasn't been found on the moon, at least not in significant quantities. Of course there is plenty of other stuff, notably iron and titanium, that you could use as mass for a core sheathed in tungsten or tungsten alloy.
2. The issue of concern (is a Thor shot an efficient weapon against anything other than static targets) is not one of absolute cost, but of relative cost. Assuming a massive reduction is launch costs is fine, but a commensurate drop in cost for alternative weapon systems has to be considered.

A tactically useful variant of a Thor system would require a significant constellation (20-30?) of launch platforms in order to maximize the availability of a weapon when and where you need it. Economies of scale are a lovely thing, but 1 satellite is cheaper than 30 satellites. Throw in a flight time measured in minutes, and you have a system that has more drawbacks than advantages. Far easier to look to hypersonic cruise missiles, conventional or guided artillery, or airborne systems, to provide a similar tactical capability.

Again, this isn't to say that Thor's aren't feasable, useful, or unlikely to be implemented. Far from it - for fixed fortifications and implacements, a Thor shot is an awesome weapon. You just aren't going to see it used to take out tanks.

In any case, I think it's a nit that has been sufficiently picked for my satisfaction. Besides, in a game that has elves, dragons and magic, getting obsessed about realism is a hopeless task.

- Runner Smurf
Shockwave_IIc
QUOTE (Runner Smurf)
Besides, in a game that has elves, dragons and magic, getting obsessed about realism is a hopeless task.

- Runner Smurf

So Nicked for a Sig.
Cray74
QUOTE (Runner Smurf)
1.  Tungsten hasn't been found on the moon, at least not in significant quantities.  Of course there is plenty of other stuff, notably iron and titanium, that you could use as mass for a core sheathed in tungsten or tungsten alloy.

There hasn't been a lot of prospecting on the moon, either. wink.gif

QUOTE
Assuming a massive reduction is launch costs is fine, but a commensurate drop in cost for alternative weapon systems has to be considered.


Fair enough, though an associated question is: can they deliver the same effects as a Thor shot?

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Throw in a flight time measured in minutes, and you have a system that has more drawbacks than advantages.  Far easier to look to hypersonic cruise missiles, conventional or guided artillery, or airborne systems, to provide a similar tactical capability.


If the tactical ability is "blow shit up," yes, there are alternatives. However, hypersonic cruise missiles (1-2km/s), artillery, and bombs are unlikely to deliver quite the same effects at the target. The flight time in minutes is also typical of long-ranged artillery and even hypersonic cruise missiles - particularly when they're trying to compete with a Thor system's ability to hit something on the far side of the planet.

QUOTE
Again, this isn't to say that Thor's aren't feasable, useful, or unlikely to be implemented.  Far from it - for fixed fortifications and implacements, a Thor shot is an awesome weapon.  You just aren't going to see it used to take out tanks.


I'd qualify that with, "you just aren't joing to see it used to take out tanks on an active battlefield." Sure, conventional artillery and pals are definitely superior to Thors in that role, at least in SR. (In different settings, like BT, if you have a warship that can drop some NAC, NGR or capital missiles on a battlefield without being strangled by other players, do eet!) In SR, as a first strike weapon against tanks parked around a military base...
Shockwave_IIc
QUOTE (Cray74)
(In different settings, like BT, if you have a warship that can drop some NAC, NGR or capital missiles on a battlefield without being strangled by other players, do eet!)


What like dropping tactical nukes in a game of dirtside cos your losing..... embarrassed.gif But that was over 10 years ago....
KarmaInferno
Took a bit of digging to find it, but:

Screw nukes, just get a high speed can of ravioli...

smile.gif


-karma
cannonfodder
First off kudo's to Cray and thanks for the info. I must note that the next time my players accuse me of geeking out about science in my game Im going to have them read this series for perspective. smile.gif

If only my materials class had been anywhere near this entertaining.
Oh well back to designing widgets.
mfb
QUOTE (Runner Smurf)
Besides, in a game that has elves, dragons and magic, getting obsessed about realism is a hopeless task.

incorrect. realism in the sci-fi areas of a sci-fi/fantasy game enhances the believability of the fantasy elements. suspension of disbelief is easier to sustain in a game that pays attention to realistic detail in the parts of that game that are based in reality. ignoring reality because your game has elves and dragons in makes it more difficult to sustain one's suspension of disbelief. if anything, the inclusion of fantastic elements makes it more important that the sci-fi elements be realistic, because the inclusion of fantastic elements stretches suspension of disbelief already. stretching it further with poorly-researched and -implemented sci-fi makes the game less fun to play.

edit: i'd like to note that "Thermonuclear interactions, such as hydrogen fusion, may take place in the tomato sauce" is very, very funny.

Birdy
And one from IRL (Science show in german state-sponsored telly):

A group of people in Canada (Canadian Arrow http://www.canadianarrow.com/ ) is in the process of building a A4 derived missile (also known as a V2) for insertion of three people into a 70+ miles orbit. Engine is already done. Original A4 payload was around 1 metric ton, modern materials (llighter hull, lighter control systems) might increase it

Private Thor-Shot anyone?


Birdy
Crusher Bob
Not if Microsoft has their way... Whom do you want to thor today?
Cray74
QUOTE (Birdy)
And one from IRL (Science show in german state-sponsored telly):

A group of people in Canada (Canadian Arrow http://www.canadianarrow.com/ ) is in the process of building a A4 derived missile (also known as a V2) for insertion of three people into a 70+ miles orbit


No, the Arrow is going nowhere near orbit. It's just climbing to 70 miles altitude. Altitude is important for orbit only so far as it involves getting away from atmospheric drag (at 70 miles, I don't think a spacecraft could complete 1 orbit). What's far more important is speed - the key to getting into orbit is being able to miss the horizon by the time gravity has pulled you back down. That takes about 17,500mph parallel to the Earth's surface, but the Arrow is only going to peak at about 2500mph.
Kanada Ten
So, it's more like a semiballistic or suborbital?
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